Essaouira: The Wind City by the Atlantic

Essaouira, often called the "Wind City" or "Bride of the Atlantic," is a coastal town on Morocco's western seaboard. Known for its medina, fortified walls, and arts scene, Essaouira blends historical depth with relaxed seaside charm.

Population

As of 2014, Essaouira had 77,966 inhabitants, contributing to its laid-back atmosphere and appeal for both locals and international visitors.

A History Shaped by Trade and Culture

Founded in 1760 by Sultan Mohammed bin Abdallah, Essaouira was designed as a major port for trade with Europe. Architects including Théodore Cornut and Ahmed al-Inglizi planned its layout, incorporating European military design principles.

The city flourished as Morocco’s main commercial port and diplomatic center in the late 18th and 19th centuries. Essaouira also has a rich Jewish heritage, including a historic Mellah and synagogues. The Medina of Essaouira became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2001.

Famous Sites and Historical Monuments

• Medina of Essaouira: UNESCO World Heritage Site with narrow streets, artisan workshops, art galleries, and bustling souks.
• Essaouira Ramparts and Skala de la Ville: Fortifications with panoramic Atlantic views; the Skala de la Ville features historic cannons.
• Port of Essaouira: A working fishing port with bright blue boats and the iconic Bab El Marsa gate.
• Sidi Mohammed ben Abdallah Museum: Showcases the region’s history, arts, and traditions, including Berber, Jewish, and Andalusian artifacts.
• Jewish Heritage Sites: Bayt Dakira, Chaim Pinto Synagogue, and historic Jewish cemeteries.
• Borj Al Baroud: Historic tower forming part of the city’s defensive structures.
• Moulay Hassan Square: Central square surrounded by cafes and shops, serving as a social hub.

Essaouira’s blend of historical fortifications, artistic ambiance, and coastal beauty makes it a serene yet vibrant Moroccan destination.

References

• Wikipedia. Essaouira. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essaouira